Tai Chi Therapy
Il Tai Chi è spesso descritto come "meditazione in movimento", ma potrebbe anche essere chiamato – così come fa la Harvard Medical School - "il farmaco in movimento."
Il Tai Chi può essere facilmente adattato per chiunque, dalle persone su sedia a rotelle a coloro che necessitano di un recupero dopo un intervento chirurgico. Questa disciplina non ha solo valore preventivo ma anche di trattamento complementare per patologie conclamate.
La Tai Chi Therapy si basa si esercizi al rallentatore (individuali, a coppia e in gruppo), si respira profondamente e naturalmente, focalizzando l'attenzione - come in alcuni tipi di meditazione - sulle sensazioni corporee permettendo di riaddestrare l'attenzione. I movimenti sono di solito circolari e mai forzati, i muscoli sono rilassati e non tesi, le articolazioni vengono mantenute 'morbide e aperte' e non sono mai completamente estese o piegate, i tessuti connettivi non sono allungati.
Permette di trattare situazioni di disagio psichico, fisico e sociale. Di seguito un breve elenco – non esaustivo - di disagi che beneficiano della Tai Chi Therapy.
Disagi fisici
- Parkinson
- Mal di Schiena
- Osteoartrite del ginocchio
- Osteoporosi
- Problemi cardiovascolari
- Fibromialgia
- Ipertensione
- Ipermotricità
- Diabete
- Sclerosi multipla
- Malattie croniche
Disagi Psichici
- Ansia
- Insonnia
- Depressione
- Disturbi dell'umore
- Remissività / Aggressività
- Stress
Disagi Sociali
- Difficoltà di parlare in pubblico
- Bullismo
- Incertezza decisionale
- Incapacità di gestire conflitti (di coppia, in famiglia, nel lavoro)
Bibliografia
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BMC Neurol. 2014 Aug 23;14(1):165. [Epub ahead of print] Mindfulness-based interventions in multiple sclerosis: beneficial effects of Tai Chi on balance, coordination, fatigue and depression. Burschka JM, Keune PM, Oy U, Oschmann P, Kuhn P
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Does Tai Chi/Qi Gong help patients with Multiple Sclerosis?, di N. Mills, J. Allen, S. Carey Morgan, tratto dal “Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies”).
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Jahnke, Roger et al. A comprehensive review of health benefits of qigong and tai chi. Am J Health Promotion 2010 Jul-Aug;24(6)e1-e25.(**77 studies reviewed)
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Chewning, 13., J. Johnson, and T. Yu. "Tai Chi (Part 1): Ancient Exercise for Contemporary Life." American College of Sports Medicine Health and Fitness Journal 4.2 (2000): 1-6.
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"Tai Chi (Part 2): Effects on Health." American College of Sports Medicine Health and Fitness Journal, 4.3 (2000): 1-5.
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Dobson, S, "Tai Chi and Qigong Can be Applicable in the Acute-Care Setting" Advance for Physical Therapists 17:3 Jan 16 2006: 36.
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Matsuda, S, D. Martin, T. Yu, “Ancient Exercise for Modern Rehab” Rehab Management Journal. March 2005:24-27.
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Wolf, SL"[Review of Tai Chi Fundamentals Materials" Physical Therapy Journal 80.11 (2000), 1132-1133.
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Bottomley J. "The Use of Tai Chi as a Movement Modality in Orthopaedics." Orthopaedic Physical Therapy Clinics of North America 9.3 (2000): 361-373.
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Lee MS, e. a. Tai Chi for osteoarthritis: A systematic review. Clin Rheumatol, 2008;27(2), pp. 211-18.
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Wang C, e. a. Tai Chi is effective in treating knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled tria
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l. Arthritis Rheum, 2009;61(11),1545-53.
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WayneP. e.a. The effects of TaiChi on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: A systematic review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2007;88(5), pp. 673-80.
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Wang C, Collet JP, Lau J. The effect of Tai Chi on health outcomes in patients with chronic conditions: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:493-501.
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Channer K, Barrow D, Barrow R, Osborne M. Change in hemodynamic parameters following Tai chi
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Chuan and aerobic exercise in patients recovering from acute myocardial infarction. Postgrad Med. 1996;72:349-351.
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Lai JS, Lan C, Wont MK, Teng SH. Two year trends in cardiorespiratory function among older t’ai-chi chuan practitioners and sedentary subjects. Am Geriatric Soc. 1995;43:1222-1227.
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Lee MS e.a. Qigong for hypertention: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials.
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Journal Hypertension 2007;25(8):1525-1532.
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Abbott R, Lavretsky H. Tai Chi and Qigong for the treatment and prevention of mental disorders. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2013 Mar;36(1):109-19
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Jin P. Changes in heart rate, noradrenaline, cortisol and mood during T’ai Chi. Psyc/J Psychosomatic Research. 989;33:197-206
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Wang R, Lee EK, Wu T, Benson H, Fricchione G, Wang W, Yeung AS. The effects of Tai Chi on depression, anxiety, and psychological well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Behav Med. 2013 (Sept 28 –pages yet to be determined on PubMed)
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Astin JA e.a. The efficacy of mindfulness meditation plus Qigong movement therapy in the treatment of fibromyalgia; a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Rheumatology, 2003;30 (10), 2257-62.
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Hernandez-Reif M, Field T, Thomas E. Attention deficit hyperactivity Disorder: Benefits from Tai Chi. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 2001; Vol 2 Issue 2, 120-123
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Lee MS,e.a. Effectiveness of Tai Chi for Parkinson's disease: a critical review. Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 2008;14(8),589-94.Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2015 Feb;21(1):57-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2014.09.002. Epub 2014 Nov 27.Effect of Tai Chi Chuan on balance in women with multiple sclerosis. Azimzadeh E1, Hosseini MA2, Nourozi K1, Davidson PM3.
- Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2015 Feb;21(1):57-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2014.09.002. Epub 2014 Nov 27.Effect of Tai Chi Chuan on balance in women with multiple sclerosis. Azimzadeh E1, Hosseini MA2, Nourozi K1, Davidson PM3.
- T. Field, “Tai Chi research review,” Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 141–146, 2011
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S.-M. Fong and G. Y. Ng, “The effects on sensorimotor performance and balance with Tai Chi training,” Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 87, no. 1, pp. 82–87, 2006
- C. Lan, S. Chen, M. Wong, and J. Lai, “Tai Chi training for patients with coronary heart disease,” Medicine and Sport Science, vol. 52, pp. 182–194, 2008
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S.-H. Yeh, H. Chuang, L.-W. Lin et al., “Regular Tai Chi Chuan exercise improves T cell helper function of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with an increase in T-bet transcription factor and IL-12 production,” British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 43, no. 11, pp. 845–850, 2009
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Li, P. Harmer, K. Fitzgerald et al., “Tai chi and postural stability in patients with Parkinson's disease,” New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 366, no. 6, pp. 511–519, 2012